Abstract:Yimeng mountain area is the typical rocky mountain areas of northern China.The local soil with loose texture and easy to lost was developed from the gneiss and sandstone.Currently,there is lack of the long-term observation data of soil erosion.A small watershed in Yimeng mountain area of Shandong Province was chose to make a preliminary estimate about soil erosion rates of natural soils and cultivated soils on sloping land using the 137Cs tracer method and soil erosion model of Yang.The erosion rate of cult...

Abstract:The water culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Cu(10 mg/L)on chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme system activity(SOD,POD,CAT),proline content,soluble protein content and MDA content of wheat seedling with different concentrations of Si(0,30,60,90,120,150 mg/L,SiO2).The results showed: At the action of Si(30,60,90 mg/L,SiO2),chlorophyll-a content,antioxidant enzymes system(SOD,POD) activity,proline content,soluble protein content of wheat seedling increased and MDA content droped...

Abstract:The effects of AM fungi on the growth and physiological characters of Medicago sativa L.under NaCl stress were studied.Three NaCl treatments levels of 0%,0.5% and 1.0% were added to the soil for the potted plant.The results showed that application AMF influenced the growth of host plants(the height,P<0.05),the soluble sugar,soluble protein and proline content in roots were all increased along with the heighten of NaCl levels.The fresh-weight of the host plants roots was 1.27 times more heavier than non-inoc...

Abstract:In order to determine the effects of the soil erosion magnetic tracer on soil and plants,pakchoi(Brassica chinensis) grown in the pots was exposed to different concentrations of magnetic tracer on basic physical and chemical properties,microbial biomass of soil and on physiological characteristics,yield and quality of pakchoi.The results showed that,compared with CK,the soil pH,EC and available K increased significantly with the application of magnetic tracer,but the applications of available N and P were s...

Abstract:Winter wheat is the main crop in northwest regions and planting pattern is one of the most important factor for wheat yield.In this study,in order to investigate the effects of group distribution on evapotranspiration(ET),wind erosion and yield of wheat under different planting patterns,a field plot test was conducted under experimental condition at agricultural experiment station of Shanxi Agricultural University in 2009.The study mainly focused on the comparisons of soil moisture content(SMC),soil evapora...

Abstract:影响δ15N格局的因素主要有气候、时间、地形和土地利用等,而水分是干旱区植被分布的主要限制因子,对调节荒漠草地稳定性N同位素具有重要作用。利用15N标记法,通过不同的增水处理,研究了古尔班通古特沙漠南缘氮素标记样地和未标记样地土壤N同位素对水分变化的响应,得出以下结论:(1)增水处理增加了对土壤水分的补给,随着增水量的增加土壤水分含量不断增加;(2)研究区土壤δ15N值变化范围为12.19‰~13.33‰,增水处理对未标记样地土壤δ15N值并没有显著的影响;(3)添加氮素后,样地土壤δ15N值明显升高。随着增水量的增加,土壤总δ15N呈现出典型的倒U型曲线,不同土层深度的土壤δ15N值也发生了显著的变化;(4)标记样地50-100 cm土层土壤δ15N值要明显高于非标记样地,表明标记样地土壤中添加的稳定性15N同位素仍在向更深的土层移动。

Abstract:对猪粪有机肥中胶体态重金属的分布进行了定量分析。结果表明,水提取态Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn主要以胶体态存在,Ni、Cr、Cd、As几乎都以可溶态存在。胶体态Cu在0.02~0.2μm胶体中的含量最高,胶体态Zn、Fe、Mn在粒径为1~10μm的大粒径胶体中含量最高。在长期连续施用有机肥引起重金属积累的土壤中,高Cu负荷的小粒径胶体可能会引起深层土壤中重金属积累问题,胶体态有机碳与可溶态有机碳对重金属结合能力的不同可能是导致重金属分布存在差异的重要原因。重金属在不同粒径的分布特征可以为讨论猪粪有机肥中的重金属在环境中的化学行为提供论据。

Abstract:A field experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of integrated fertilization with commercial organic manure made from feces of domestic animals and chemical fertilizers on yields and heavy metal concentration and accumulations of radish plants and the risk of heavy metal pollution in radish cropping systems and biomass of agricultural products under equal N,P2O5 and K2O rates.The results indicated that integrated fertilization with chemical fertilizers and medium rate of organic manure could obviously...

Abstract:Purifying polluted water in a lake or other water bodies is focusing on using ornamental plants.This paper chose three aqua-cultured plants,Philodenron selloum Koch,Scindapsus aureun and Hydrocotyle vulgaris,for this aqua-cultured experiment.The aqua-cultured technologies of these plants were discussed,and the purification effect on experimental wastewater by three plants with removal rates was studied.The results showed that the three ornamental plants had good purification capacity and adaptability in was...

Abstract:Humic acid was used to remove the copper ion and phenanthrene from contaminated soil as surfactant.Cu2+ and phenanthrene were selected as objects to study characteristics stripping by humic acid.The interaction of Cu2+-phenanthrene was discussed in contaminated soil.The results showed that humic acid had good stripping properties for Cu2+ and phenanthrene.The stripping quantities of Cu2+ and phenanthrene in compound contaminated soil were respectively 516.6 mg/kg and 569.1 mg/kg when the humic acid addition...

Abstract:水土生态与生态学、水土保持是什么关系?水土生态保持就是植树造林吗?水土生态保持等同于环境保护吗?水土生态保持有何价值和意义?本文拟就这些问题进行一些探讨。1水土生态与生态学的关系问题生态学是研究生物的生存条件,以及它们与其赖以生活的环境之间相互关系的科学[1]。就其研究对象,可

Abstract:Simulated rainfall of varied intensity was applied on plots of 1~10 m in length and 5 degrees in steepness to investigate the effects of slope length on soil erosion processes and soil loss.For each slope length,a wet run was implemented 24 hours after the dry run.The results indicated that sediment concentration on plots equal or longer than 4 m fluctuated during 40~80 min when the rainfall intensity decreased,while it was much smoother on plots of 1 m and 2.5 m.For wet run,sediment concentration was lower...

Abstract:Rainfall and runoff are the main dynamic factors which cause soil erosion on the Loess Plateau.Research on processes of rainfall,runoff and sediment yield can promote the development of soil erosion process-based model,and provide important scientific basis for soil and water conservation,and ecology construction on loess region.The rules of rainfall and runoff erosion,sediment yield,infiltration and the correlation among each other were studied under different vegetation patterns by using indoor simulated ...

Abstract:Experiment was conducted in rainy season between May and September 2010.The laws and characteristics of ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,particulate nitrogen and phosphorus,total nitrogen and phosphorus difference of two fertilizers were analyzed under different slopes of peanut growing season.The results showed that compared with common fertilizer,in the early reproductive stages,the nutrient loss content of controlled-release fertilizer was lower,ammonium nitrogen content was 5.0%~74.2% lower and nitrat...

Abstract:Simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to compare the amount of nutrient loss in the cinnamon soil,brown soil and red soil.The results showed that the runoff and sediment yield of the cinnamon soil were the least and the red soil was the biggest in the three types of soil under the conditions of rainfall simulation.The loss amount of total nitrogen and available phosphorus and potassium in soil carried by runoff accounted for the loss of total amount 77.27%~99.79%.Runoff was the main driving force of...

Abstract:基于人工模拟降雨研究了三峡库区25°径流小区侵蚀泥沙对0.285,0.978,1.737 mm/min 3种不同降雨强度的响应特征。结果表明:在降雨过程中径流泥沙量,随产流历时的增加呈现先增加后逐渐减少,最终趋于稳定。侵蚀泥沙峰值量出现的时间随着雨强的增大在整个产流历程中不断提前。坡面径流的累积产沙量随产流历时的增加呈幂函数规律,相同降雨历时大降雨强度的累积产沙量明显高于小降雨强度的累积产沙量。在降雨强度为0.285,0.978,1.737 mm/min时,侵蚀泥沙中大颗粒的砂粒含量随产流历时的增加大致呈现降低趋势,侵蚀泥沙中细颗粒的粘粒及粉粒含量随着产流历时的增加呈现增加的趋势,但不同降雨强度下侵蚀泥沙机械组成的波动性有显著差异,雨强越大,侵蚀泥沙机械组成与产流历时回归模型拟合越好。

Abstract:In this work,the seasonal settlement and distribution of 7Be were measured and the seasonal soil erosion on slope was also preliminary analyzed with the method of field sampling and laboratory analysis in Ningzhen region.The results showed that during the period,7Be of the reference profile in the region,mainly distribute in the surface soil(0-8 mm) and the distribution of 7Be in the soil profile decreased exponentially with depth;7Be of the reference inventories were 208.35 Bq/m2 and 250.84 Bq/m2 at the pr...

Abstract:Two different geological formations of mountains of ecological sensitive areas around Taihu lake were selected,and 137Cs tracer method was used to analyze the137Cs distribution and soil erosion rules.The results showed that: The137Cs content on the surface of yellow brown soil of sedimentary rocks was more than at the bottom,while the137Cs content in central of rocky body yellow red lava was higher than on the surface and at bottom.Soil erosion variances along body of magma rocky slope were: top of the hill...

Abstract:According to the classical algorithm by Wischimeier of rainfall erosivity R=EI30,this study,taken the natural rainfall in Yangling of southern Loess Plateau as the research object,analyzed in detail the size distribution of rainfall during a precipitation process,and regressed the relationship between the median diameter of raindrops,rainfall energy and rainfall intensity,meanwhile,rainfall erosivity from June to September with the indicators of EI10,EI30,EI60 was calculated,as well as the relationship betw...

Abstract:针对不同利用目的和不同管理方式竹林地的侵蚀产沙特征,在浙江省临安市和安吉县,分别选择用材竹林地和挖笋竹林地,建立径流小区(面积3 m×1.5 m,坡度20°),设计用材竹林地不锄草清鞭施肥、笋林地除草清鞭每年1次和两年1次,共3种管理方式,采用人工模拟降雨的试验手段,设定6个降雨强度(0.53~1.90 mm/min),定时采集径流泥沙样,分析了不同管理方式下竹林地的侵蚀产沙过程特征,计算了侵蚀强度的差异。结论如下:(1)在单场降雨过程中,用材竹林地产沙量的最大与最小值之差很小,而笋用竹林地则相差很大,最大值出现在降雨初期,随降雨历时而很快减小。(2)在相同或相近的雨强情况下,笋竹林地的产流量远小于用材竹林地,但产沙量却远大于用材竹林地,并且呈现3个数量级的倍数在增加。(3)随着降雨强度的增加,笋用竹林地侵蚀模数的增加幅度很大,最大可呈2个数量级的倍数增加,而用材竹林地相对增加很少,只有1.7~3.8倍的增加幅度。(4)在笋用竹林地的两个处理中,锄草清鞭次数的增加会引起侵蚀量的增加,并随着雨强的增加,侵蚀量的增加会呈指数增加。(5)根据3种处理的8场人工模拟降雨试验,可初步设定竹林地的侵蚀性降雨强度的临界定在...

Abstract:在露天自然条件下对鸡粪进行好氧堆肥,系统研究了堆肥过程中氮素的径流和淋洗损失。结果表明,堆肥期间通过径流损失的氮素只占初始堆肥氮素的3‰~6‰,其中无机氮与有机氮约各占50%,径流中总氮浓度在不同时间和降雨量条件下差异较大,浓度平均在20 mg/L左右;氮素表现出很强的空间移动性,堆肥期间氮素至少能够迁移至150 cm土层,对当地地下水安全构成了严重威胁;堆肥过程中可能有35%~65%的氮素会通过氨挥发损失;用秸秆覆盖堆体能显著降低堆肥氮素的径流损失,而添加沸石减少堆肥氮素损失的效果不显著。

Abstract:Eutrophication caused by nutrient lost always lead to water environment deterioration.To find effective source control technology has important significance for improving water environment.As the most potential soil conditioners,PAM has been received high attention on regulating nitrogen loss and maintaining great ecosystem.The research,conducted by simulated rainfall,was to determine the effect of runoff,sediment and nitrogen loss with PAM application under different rainfall intensity and PAM application ...

Abstract:Using simulated rainfall method,this paper analyzed the sloping surface gravel,soil layer thickness change process and its influencing factors in purple hilly region,and the thickness of soil loss using the established equations on the different land use types in Chongqing.The results showed:(1) The rates of surface gravel coverage before the precipitation,after 3 times precipitation,after 6 times precipitation were 1.5%,2.4%,12.2%.Surface gravel cover had the positive correlation with the accumulation of s...

Abstract:Taking the karst area of Zhongliang mountain as a case study,the authors discussed the impact of landuse and season cover on karst processes based on the data of field standard limestone tablet,moisture,porosity,pH,and organic matter content of soils.The results showed that there was appreciable difference in average dissolution rates of limestone tablets.They were from the highest to lowest as follows: wood land,grass land,vegetable land,tilled land.The dissolution rate of wood land was the highest one,whi...

Abstract:Slope is researched extensively as an important factor to produce erosion which influenced on the infiltration,runoff and sediment significantly.Dumping sites for construction of the project is to develop the most important source of soil erosion.This article studied spoil Brown's loss law by using the surface soil in a power plant in Shenyang city,Liaoning province.Erosion and sediment yield process of soil dumped by people have been analyzed by simulated rainfall experiments.Rainfall intensity was set as ...

Abstract:Highway waste dump plays a quite important role in road erosion.Studying highway waste dump erosion is the base of completing road erosion model and it will also be helpful to predict watershed sediment yield accurately.Rainfall simulations with different intensities(0.6~2.79 mm/min) were employed to study the soil erosion processes of highway waste dump with different slope gradients and its construction roads.In addition,a model for predicting highway waste dump soil loss was also proposed.The results sho...

Abstract:The segment from Nehe to Nenjiang of the national highway G111 is one of most serious sandstorm areas.Observed the root morphological distributions of nine northeastern common green shrubs by the whole root mining method first,determined the erosion-index of the nine shrub roots by hydrostatic collapse method according to the soil particles,and finally using principal components analysis analyzed the total 25 factors which related to soil anti-erodibility.The results indicated that: Different tree species w...

Abstract:Soil infiltration characteristics and influencing factors of eucalyptus plantation with different rotations and ages in Zhangzhou of Fujian province were studied.The results showed that soil infiltration characteristics of eucalyptus plantation varied with rotations,ages and soil layers.The soil infiltration characteristics of first rotation increased with the increasing of age.For same or similar forest ages,soil infiltration characteristics of the first rotation were higher than that of second rotation.So...

Abstract:Take Pinus massoniana clear-cutting land as an objective,this article put attention on the short-term effect of three native vegetation of shrubbery(BS),Dicranopteris dichotoma(DDB) and Imperata cylindrica(IC) on surface(0-20 cm) soil quality from the point of view of soil physicochemical properties,enzyme activities and microbial properties.The result showed that IC could improve soil physicochemical properties as a whole,especially for phosphorus and potassium.But these restoration approaches weren't able...

Abstract:Physical properties of soil moisture and water conservation of scotch pine forest was studied in Da Xing'an Mountains.The results showed that,soil moisture,soil capillary porosity,total porosity,the amount of litter accumulation and water storage of 0-20 cm soil layer were as follows: lower slope>middle slope>upslope,soil moisture ranged from 278.71 g/kg to 377.98 g/kg,with an average of 327.67 g/kg;the average of soil capillary porosity and total porosity for the whole slope were 29.08% and 53.15% respecti...

Abstract:以中亚热带杉木纯林(Ⅰ)和常绿阔叶林(Ⅴ)为对照,对闽北地区竹杉混交林(Ⅱ)、毛竹纯林(Ⅲ)、竹阔混交林(Ⅳ)3种不同类型毛竹林的林冠层截留、枯落物持水性能、土壤渗透性能及蓄水能力进行了研究。结果表明,各林分林冠截留率排序为Ⅴ(31.33%)>Ⅱ(28.17%)>Ⅳ(23.48%)>Ⅲ(22.88%)>Ⅰ(22.29%);枯落物持水能力排序为Ⅰ(26.8 t/hm2)>Ⅴ(12.1 t/hm2)>Ⅱ(11.3 t/hm2)>Ⅳ(11.1 t/hm2)>Ⅲ(9.2 t/hm2);土壤总蓄水量大小顺序为Ⅴ(1 125.67 t/hm2)>Ⅳ(1 064.30 t/hm2)>Ⅱ(1 050.60 t/hm2)>Ⅲ(1 015.13 t/hm2)>Ⅰ(1 008.87 t/hm2);土壤渗透性优劣次序表现为Ⅴ>Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ。并采用Topsis法对不同林分的水源涵养功能进行综合评价,水源涵养功能优劣顺序为Ⅴ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ,表明常绿阔叶林的涵养水源综合能力最好,毛竹混交林优于杉木纯林,而毛竹纯林最差。

Abstract:A preliminary study of hydrological effects of litters layer and soil layer was carried out in six kinds of natural forest stands in the slope of north mountain of Hebei province.The result showed that:(1)The litter total storage capacity and the maximum water holding capacity showed this order: Larix principic-rupprechtii-B.platyphylla-B.davurica>B.platyphylla-Larix principic-rupprechtii>B.platyphylla-B.davurica-Larix principic-rupprechtii>Quercus mongolica-B.davurica>Populus davidian-B.davurica-Quercus mo...

Abstract:CaCO3 and H2SO4 amendment and titration method to study the soil acidification buffer capacities under different pH 2.5,4.5,6.5 precipitations combined with nitrogen rates with 0,150,300 mg/kg,respectively,in hydromorphic paddy soil.Results showed that soil exerting silicate and base cations primary buffering system,and the relationship between the CaCO3 and H2SO4 amendment rates and soil pH for treatment with different pH rainfall and nitrogen rates were all significant and had high linear regression corre...

Abstract:通过模拟酸雨实验,研究了缙云山马尾松×四川大头茶×四川杨桐混交林(林分Ⅰ)、广东山胡椒×四川山矾混交林(林分Ⅱ)、毛竹林(林分Ⅲ)、四川山矾×杉木混交林(林分Ⅳ)、马尾松林(林分Ⅴ)、灌丛(林分Ⅵ)枯落物淋滤液的化学性质。结果表明:①6种典型林分的枯落物淋滤液pH值均随模拟酸雨pH的降低而减小;林分Ⅴ的枯落物层对模拟酸雨pH值的缓冲效果最好。②6种典型林分枯落物淋滤液中的盐基离子(Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、NH+4)浓度随模拟酸雨pH值的降低而增加。在pH值2.7和3.5的强酸雨作用下,林分Ⅴ枯落物淋滤液中的盐基离子浓度均是最高的,达到了0.143 6 mmol/L和0.074 0mmol/L,在pH值4.5的酸雨作用下,林分Ⅱ枯落物淋滤液的盐基离子浓度是最高的,达到了0.138 9mmol/L。③在模拟酸雨pH值为2.7时,6种典型林分淋滤液中Al3+、Fe、Mn、Zn急剧增加,且林分Ⅴ枯落物淋滤液中Al3+(0.018 2 mmol/L)、Fe(0.004 4 mmol/L)、Mn(0.010 7 mmol/L)、Zn(0.002 5 mmol/L)均高于其他林分,林分Ⅴ更易受到这几种元素的毒害。

Abstract:In order to solve the problem of eutrophication in China,straw carbon and aluminum sulfate as an effective adsorbent used to absorption of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in water.Through the laboratory simulation test,by equilibrium adsorption method,the author investigated the effect on the adsorption under different environmental factors as the dosage of aluminum sulfate,pH,shaking time,temperature,disturbance,straw carbon size and so on.The results showed that with the dosage of aluminum sulfate and...

Abstract:In order to know about concentration change of different species of phosphorous in overlying water during different wind-wave process,a simulated experiment was done.The results indicated that the concentration of total phosphorus(TP) increased remarkably with the increasing of disturbance frequency.The concentration of dissolved total phosphorus(DTP) and dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP) maintained level off and went down when the simulated wind speed larger than 10~12 m/s.Soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) ...

Abstract:Through indoor-static-culture simulation experiment,we studied the dynamics of nitrogen,phosphorus and organic matter in the overlying water and the paddy soil during the flooding of high concentration biogas slurry from livestock wastewater.Results showed that the concentrations of TP and NH+4-N in overlying water for the total biogas slurry irrigation treatment were decreased to below the allowable discharge standards in 30 days and 50 days,respectively.With the reducing of the concentration of biogas slu...

Abstract:In this paper,the artificial rainfall test in the rice mature period has been made in macro-area paddy simulation.The dynamic characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus and the losing potential of total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) in water under 60,48,17.4 mm/h rain intensity(expressed as y-b,y-m and y-s respectively) and different delay time as well as the effect of different rain intensity and delay time on reducing discharge have been analyzed.The results showed:(1) The TN concentration in wate...

Abstract:The retention of nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N) and ammonia nitrogen(NH+4-N) with simulated tank in three riparian soil of Wenyu river was studied.The results were as follows: The retention of NO-3-N and NH+4-N of Populus cathayana-Quercus liaotungensis,Picea and Larix.principis-rupprechtii were 158.38,145.38,142.98 mg/kg respectively;Retention was mainly occurred in 0-10 cm layer;As the ratio of NH+4-N and NO-3-N was between 1.68~1.80,retention was relatively stable;Soil structure was closely related to retentio...

Abstract:Field experiment was carried out to investigate effects of different nitrogen application rates on yield,nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize and distribution of soil nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N) in Northwest Hebei province.The results showed that yield of spring maize increased with the increasement of N application rate,and yield,N use efficiency of spring maize decreased significantly when N application rate was higher than 225 kg/hm2.From before sowing to after harvest of spring maize,NO-3-N content in 0...

Abstract:Effects of soil fungi on the physical properties and anti-scour(resistance to shear) ability of soil seeding matrix with a pot plant experiment were studied.Results showed that function of soil fungi was obviously with physical structural of soil seeding matrix.Added to the soil fungi,increased the number of edaphon,the structure of soil seeding matrix,vegention growth situation,anti-scour ability and resistance to shear ability were improved obviously,among the matrix density impruved 0.10 g/cm3,seeding ra...

Abstract:Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different irrigation water qualities on the partial physical and chemical properties of alfalfa soil.The results indicated that compared with fresh water irrigation(Q),sewage(W) and reclaimed water(Z) significant decreased soil pH and increased soil EC.At the second and third clipping,W and Z irrigation increased soil inorganic nitrogen contents by 63.59%,35.02% and 82.18%,30.72% compared with Q respectively.Compared with Q,W increased soil Cd contents ...

Abstract:In order to study the effect on the grassland abiotic environment(soil) of grazing,the research object was the desert sttepe of Sidunzi administrative village in Yanchi county,Ningxia.Using locating field experiment and indoor process analyzed effects on properties of different depth of soil(0-5,5-15,15-25 cm) under different rotation grazing modes in desert steppe including no grazing(CK),freely herd(A),two areas rotational grazing(B),four areas rotational grazing(C) and six areas rotational grazing(D).The...

Abstract:In this paper,the change law of >0.25 mm water stable aggregates,aggregates destruction rate and water stable aggregates fractal dimension under different vegetation restoration period and the correlation of the three indices with SOC content were studied in Ziwu mountain.The result showed that these three indices of 0-70 cm soil layer could be effected by vegetation restoration;the content of >0.25 mm water stable aggregates increasing and the aggregate destruction rate and water stable aggregates fractal ...

Abstract:A simulation experiment was carried out to improve aggregate structure of sandy yellow soil that distributes widely in Chongqing city.We designed the material made of straw,bentonite and PAM and detected its effects on improving the aggregata sturcture of sandy soil.The results indicated that: The proportion of 1~5 mm sandy soil aggregate increased in the presence of improved material,and would be different with different improved material,and also increased with the content of improved material and PAM(<2%...

Abstract:This paper investigated characteristics of soil organic carbon and 3 kinds of labile carbon: microbial biomass carbon,water-soluble organic carbon and readily oxidation carbon under six kinds of land use types(including Quercus semicarpifolia secondary forest,Robinia pseudoacacia plantation,shrubbery,shrub,economic forest and farmland) at forest-drought valley ecotone in the upper reaches of Minjiang River.The results showed: Respective content of soil organic carbon and three kinds of labile organic carbon...

Abstract:选取位于5个不同区域(吉林龙井、河南封丘、浙江慈溪、江西进贤和海南海口)的代表性稻田,对其土壤复合体有机碳分配及δ13C特征进行了研究。结果表明,不同区域稻田土壤中各粒级复合体含量(质量百分比)变化主要体现在<2μm和>50μm粒级部分。南方稻田0-20 cm土层中<2μm复合体含量较20-40 cm土层低,而北方稻田0-20 cm土层则较20-40 cm土层高。稻田0-20 cm和20-40 cm土层中,<50μm各粒级土壤复合体有机碳含量的变化趋势基本一致;>50μm复合体有机碳含量则在稻田20-40 cm土层中出现急剧下降,显著低于表层。农田土壤有机碳主要集中在<10μm复合体中。气候条件、耕作制度和起源土壤对农田土壤复合体有机碳分配有显著影响,其中稻田耕作环境更有利于表层粗有机体的累积。不同区域稻田0-20 cm土层中,土壤复合体粒级越小,其有机碳δ13C值越高,碳库活性越低;而20-40 cm稻田土层中复合体有机碳库活性则并非严格遵循粗粒活性高于细粒的规律,在>50μm粗粒复合体中表现尤为明显。

Abstract:The experiment was carried out to study the effects of long-term fertilization on the distribution of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in density fractions on black soil in Hailun national field research station.Results showed that: the effect of N fertilizer on the organic carbon and nitrogen of the primary soil was positive,but which was less obvious than that of NPKOM.The trend of the amount of soil organic carbon,which existed in the fraction of soil,was that HF(heavy fraction) >LF(free light fraction)>...

Abstract:In order to study the effect of tourism activity on heavy metal pollution and the enzyme activity,soils were selected from Red gate,Doumu palace,Zhongtian gate,Nantian gate,Bixia temple and Emperor peak in the Mount Tai scenic area.In addition,we also analyzed the effect of heavy metal content on the enzyme activity.The results showed that: As the fast development of tourism,the tourism activity had already caused soil heavy metal pollution in Taishan scenic area.From the integral pollution indexes of soil ...

Abstract:Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of controlled-release fertilizer on potato growth and soil enzyme activities.The results indicated that:Compared with ordinary fertilizer,the plant height,stem diameter and chlorophyll were significantly increased by the application of controlled-release fertilizer,which respectively increased by 5.94%,9.04% and 5.55%.Furthermore,when the amount of controlled-release fertilizer was reduced by 20%,there was no significant change on the promotion effect.Both...

Abstract:The soil quality of a degraded mountainous karst region was taken as a case studies with different restoration measures for 3~15 years long-term fixed site harnessing in the south of Guizhou province.Topsoils were collecteded from selected eco-tesseras of degraded abandon lands,vegetation recovery lands and well-protected vegetation lands respectively.Soil chemical,biochemical and microbial properties were studied to elucidate the effects of restoration measures on soil quality.The results showed that:(1) C...

Abstract:Influence of manure application and copper input on copper fractionation and its biological effects were studied in this paper.The results showed that manure application and copper input all could affect the distribution of copper among different fractions.With the increase of copper input,the exchangeable copper only had a slight increase,while the other fractions increased rapidly.The relative amount of organically bound and manganese oxide bounded copper increased more rapidly.In the 200 mg/kg copper tre...

Abstract:This study was conducted to investigate the effects of long-term located fertilization on forms distribution of soil calcium in protected field.The results of the study indicated that: Applying organic fertilizer could increase the supply of soil calcium.Apply nitrogen fertilizer affected total calcium content and formation distribution in soil.Adding nitrogen fertilizer application could increase the content of water soluble calcium and decrease the content of total calcium,adsorption calcium and the acid ...

Abstract:According to BCR sequential extraction procedure,it analyzed the speciation distribution of Fe in main wetland types soil in Xiaoxing'anling,the results showed that:(1) The average content of total Fe was 12 423.81~15 755.18 mg/kg,which showed no significant difference among the three wetland types(p>0.05).The content of total Fe decreased with the depth of arborous mire and scrub mire,and reduced firstly and increased afterward with the depth of herb mire.The average content of weak acid extractable Fe app...

Abstract:以洛旱6号、豫麦25、豫麦18、豫农949、新麦21及许农5号为试验材料,通过营养液培养法,研究了镉胁迫对其幼苗生物量积累以及Cd2+、Zn2+与Mn2+吸收的影响。结果表明,与正常生长小麦相比,低Cd2+(≤30μmol/L)浓度下,除许农5号地上部生物量有所下降外,其余品种的地上部和地下部生物量均呈上升趋势。中、高Cd2+(≥60μmol/L)浓度下,所有品种的生物量呈下降趋势,所有小麦品种体内Cd2+的含量均随着Cd2+处理浓度的增加而不断增加,而且,根系内Cd2+的含量均明显高于地上部。随着Cd2+处理浓度的增加,所有小麦品种地上部Zn2+的含量均不断增加,地下部Zn2+含量的变化品种间存在差异。地上、地下部Mn2+的含量则随处理浓度增加而不断降低。

Abstract:Pot experiments were carried out to study effects of different organic materials,lime and their combinations on wheat growth and cadmium(Cd) uptake by above-ground portions of the wheat plant.Results indicated that wheat grain yield was significantly increased with an increase in amounts of pig manure added,and significantly decreased with an increase in amounts of lime,while other treatments did not cause significant differences of Cd in grain yields.The highest rate of pig manure(Z4) or lime+low rate pig ...