[Objective] In response to the insufficient research on the coupling of soil and water processes with carbon loss processes, the lack of long-term continuous observation data, and the weak quantitative assessment of water-carbon fluxes at the watershed scale, this paper systematically reviews the research progress of watercarbon processes in alpine peat wetlands on the Zoige Plateau. The aim is to provide a scientific basis for sustainable wetland management and achieving the "dual carbon" goals. [Methods] Based on existing domestic and international research on the Zoige Plateau, a systematic literature review was conducted. From the perspective of the Earth Critical Zone, the coupled mechanisms among hydrological, carbon, and biotic processes across multiple spheres were analyzed, and the synergistic regulation of hydrological conditions, vegetation succession, and climate change on the carbon cycle was clarified. In conjunction with the practical implementation of ecological restoration projects and policy evolution, the effectiveness of wetland protection and restoration technologies（such as rewetting and vegetation restoration） and their impact on regional carbon balance were analyzed. [Results] Hydrological conditions are the key factors regulating the carbon sink function of alpine peat wetlands, with water table fluctuations directly driving carbon accumulation and emission dynamics via redox reactions. Vegetation succession significantly impact root carbon input efficiency, yet the micro-scale coupling mechanisms of key biogeochemical processes still lack systematic verification. Human activities such as ditch drainage and overgrazing accelerate peat oxidation and carbon loss by disrupting hydrological connectivity. Although restoration techniques such as rewetting and vegetation recovery can partially restore water levels and enhance carbon sequestration, their long-term ecological effects require further investigation. The existing watercarbon coupling models are insufficient in their application to alpine wetlands with complex terrain characteristics, necessitating more accurate simulations of dissolved organic carbon transport pathways. The lack of a network observation system at the watershed scale restricts the systematic understanding of the coupled mechanisms of multiple processes, such as hydrology, erosion and carbon loss. The development of field stations has achieved remarkable results, supporting the ecological protection and restoration of alpine peat wetlands. [Conclusion] Future research should focus on the following aspects: 1) Establishing long-term observation plots to systematically monitor water retention and carbon sink dynamics in alpine peat wetlands. 2) Building a multi-scale（plot-watershed-region） and multi-element（climate-vegetation-soil-hydrology） observation network, and employing integrated methods such as fixed-point monitoring and model simulation to quantitatively analyze critical zone water and soil processes and carbon transport patterns. 3) Developing controlled experiment platforms to investigate the impact of global change（e. g., climate change, overgrazing, ditch drainage and rewetting） on water-carbon processes. 4) Strengthening the research and development of key technologies for ecological restoration of alpine peat wetlands, and building a technical system for evaluating regional ecological quality. These efforts will provide critical scientific foundations for ecological protection, restoration, and sustainable management of alpine wetlands.