［Objective］Exploring the evolution of spatio-temporal patterns of land use benefits and its coupling and coordination relationship is crucial for the balanced allocation of resources and the transformation of land use mode. It is of great significance to achieve high-quality improvement of land use benefits and accelerating the development of new-quality productive forces in Anhui Province.［Methods］Panel data of 16 prefectural-level cities in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2020 were selected，and the entropy method and TOPSIS model were integrated to complete the measurement of land use benefits of each prefectural-level city，to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics of the comprehensive benefits and the changes of the sub-system benefits. The spatio-temporal pattern and evolution trend of land use benefits，as well as the coupled and coordinated development level of sub-system benefits were analyzed empirically using the spatial autocorrelation and coupled coordination model. ［Results］1）From 2011 to 2020，the comprehensive land use benefits in Anhui Province showed a spatial pattern of "high in the south-low in the north，high in the center-low at the edge". The economic and social benefits were enhanced by different magnitudes with prominent regional differences，and the ecological benefits of most areas fluctuated within a certain range. 2）Land use benefits in each prefecture-level city showed a negative spatial autocorrelation and a significant convergence of differences. 3） The spatial differences in the coupling and coordination of sub-system benefits were obvious，showing a spatial pattern with Hefei City as the center，Wuhu City and Fuyang City as the sub-centers，and the degree of coupling and coordination decreasing towards the periphery. The factors limiting the level of coupled and coordinated development in Anhui Province were mainly compound factors，and the number of prefecture-level cities affected by compound factors was as high as 14 in 2020.［Conclusion］Based on the evolution trend of spatio-temporal patterns，completing targeted allocation of land resources，achieving integrated coordination and sustainable development of social，economic and ecological benefits，and constructing the linkage and synergistic layout among regions are key to comprehensively improving the land use benefits in Anhui Province and becoming a strong province of high-quality development in the future.