In order to realize the safe utilization of different types of Cd-contaminated soil by amendment treatment, the effects of calcium amendment material on soil pH, CEC, available Cd content, Cd fraction, biomass and Cd content of Chinese cabbage under different dosage levels were studied by laboratory culture and soil culture experiments. The results showed that: (1) The pH and CEC of the six soils were increased by calcium amendment material, and the CEC of the soil continued to increase with the increase of the amount of calcium amendment material, while the pH of the soil did not increase with the increase of the amount of calcium amendment material. (2) With the increase of amendment material dosage, the content of available Cd in the six soils decreased significantly at first and then stabilized, and there was no significant change when the amount of amendment material was greater than 2.5%. Under this addition level, the decrease of effective Cd content was as follows: typical yellow soil (63.32%) > acid purple soil (46.65%) > rinsed yellow soil (38.51%) > neutral purple soil (34.97%) > calcareous purple soil (18.03%) > lime-aquic soil (16.60%). The exchangeable Cd in soil mainly changed to carbonate binding state, Fe-Mn oxide binding state and residue state. (3) Except calcareous purple soil, calcareous amendment material significantly increased the biomass of Chinese cabbage in the other five contaminated soils and significantly decreased the content of Cd in the edible parts. When the dosage was 2.5%, the Cd content of Chinese cabbage in typical yellow soil, rinsed yellow soil and acid purple soil decreased by 84.28%, 79.90% and 69.87%, which was significantly better than that in neutral purple soil, lime-aquic soil and callitic purple soil (the decrease was only 40.27%, 31.13% and 17.98% when the dosage was 5%). This study revealed the dose-effect difference of calcium amendment material on six kinds of Cd polluted upland soils, and the immobilizing efficiency was better in typical yellow soil, rinsed yellow soil and acid purple soil, which provided a scientific basis for rational use of calcium amendment material under different soil conditions.