In order to investigate the stability of soil aggregates and the distribution characteristics of organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) aggregates in different particle sizes under different green manures application in dryland wheat fields in southern of Shanxi Province, and further understand the mechanism of carbon and nitrogen conservation of different green manures. Topsoil samples of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm after three consecutive years (2018—2021) during the winter wheat harvest period were collected under different green manure treatments (control, soybean, mung bean, sunflower, maize). Wet sieve method was used to classify the soil particle size. The contents of SOC and TN in coarse macroaggregates (>2 mm), fine macroaggregates (0.25~2 mm), microaggregates (0.053~0.25 mm) and silt+clay (<0.053 mm), and the stability of aggregates (R_0.25, aggregates mass fractions of >0.25 mm; MWD, mean weight diameter; GMD, geometric mean diameter) were measured. The contribution rates of aggregate SOC and TN to soil total organic carbon and total nitrogen of different particle sizes were measured. The results showed that the proportion of soil aggregate mass of fine and large aggregates was mainly 0.25~2 mm (22.77%~39.71%) under different green manure treatments. Aggregates mass fractions of >2 mm in 0-30 cm soil layer was significantly increased under green manure application, especially under soybean green manure, while the mass proportion of 0.25~2 mm and 0.053~0.25 mm particle size decreased, the mass proportion of <0.053 mm showed no obvious. Soybean green manure significantly increased R_0.25, MWD and GMD values in all soil layers. Soybean and maize significantly increased the soil total organic carbon content in 0-30 cm soil layers by 27.83% and 25.71%, respectively. Soybean green manure further increased the content of SOC in soil aggregates of different particle sizes. Applying green manure reduced the soil total nitrogen content, soybean green fertilizer treatment had the smallest reduction degree, and had an effect on increasing the total nitrogen content of <0.053 mm silt clay. The contribution rates of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in 0-10 cm soil layer were the highest in large aggregates of 0.25~2 and >2 mm. Green manure (mean 21.39) application increased the soil C/N ratio by 7.68 compared with the control fallow (mean 13.71), among which maize had the best lifting effect, followed by soybean. Combined with the effect of soil carbon and preserve nitrogen in dryland wheat fields, soybean green manure for three consecutive years can effectively improve the stability of soil aggregates and soil fertility.