To explore the distribution of gravitational erosion and its environmental conditions under extreme rainstorm. The extremely rainstorm event caused by Typhoon "Lekima" in 2019 was chosen as the target. Using UAV aerial imagery and remote sensing interpretation, the quantities, spatial distribution characteristic and influencing factors of various gravitational erosion in Zengjiagou small watershed of Linqu County, Shandong Province, where the center of extremely rainstorm was located. The results showed that: (1) There were a total of 70 gravitational erosions in Zengjiagou. Among which, the predominant type was Landslide (49 sites), followed by debris flow (14 sites) and collapse (7 sites). (2) Gravitational erosion area and erosion amount were positively correlated with slope variation, slope, slope position, elevation, slope direction and slope direction variation, respectively, and negatively correlated with distance to terrace, distance to road and land use type. (3) Slope was the most important factor affecting gravitational erosion, which was prone to occur on slopes ranging from 30° to 50°. (4) Gravitational erosion had been profoundly influenced by human activities. Under heavy rainstorm, severe gravity erosion mostly occurred in terraced field and road slopes. The gravitational erosion prevention and control should be focused on strengthening the protection on both sides of the slope road, terraced field, and steep slopes with slope >30°. The results can provide scientific basis for coping with and preventing gravitational erosion disasters.