The study aims to establish a soil loss prediction model in spoil heaps of production and construction projects for different regions in our country. A series of indoors artificial simulated rainfall tests were carried out on the spoil heaps with different soil texture, slope length and gravel content. The soil loss prediction model of spoil heaps was established in the framework of Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), and the factor parameters were revised. The study clarified the definition of the standard plot of the engineering spoil heaps and the methods to calculate each factor and proposes to use the soil-rock factor to replace the traditionally used erodibility factor, as to be more consistent with the actual situation. The results showed that the power function is used to calculate the spoil heaps slope degree and slope length factor, and the soil and rock factor is calculated by the exponential function combined with the gravel mass fraction, which can effectively predict the rainfall events erosion of the spoil heaps. The calculation method of the model was to multiply rainfall erosivity, slope degree, slope length and soil and rock factor. The calibration and verification showed the model prediction effect is good, which can be applied to different soil types of engineering spoil heaps. The parameters of each factor of the model were easy to obtain and had physical meaning, and the field operability and practicability were strong. Results provide technical guidance and scientific basis for the soil and water conservation work of production and construction projects and the supervision and law enforcement of water administrative departments, and have great scientific significance and production application and guiding value.