Base on the measured data from 2014 to 2018 on runoff plots in Changting County of Fujian Province, the slope erosion characteristics of various land uses were studied. How the loss of soil and runoff were influenced by rainfall, soil and water conservation measures and vegetation was analysed, and the results showed that characteristics of the loss of soil and runoff are different on runoff plots of various land uses and with various soil and water conservation measures. The effect of annual rainfall on the annual loss of soil of runoff plots was not significant, whereas the effect of various soil and water conservation measures significant. Both the effect of annual rainfall and various soil and water conservation measures on the annual runoff of runoff plots were significant. The correlation coefficients between the annual loss of soil and the annual rainfall, the annual runoff and the annual rainfall were both related to the soil and water conservation measures and the species and growth of the plants in the runoff plots. There was a positive correlation between the annual loss of soil and annual runoff, which means the annual loss of soil increases with the annual runoff. This study can serve as a reference for water and soil loss control in Changting County.