In this paper, the 0-40 cm soil in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Pubugou reservoir was collected in the study area according to different land use and land cover (LULC), elevation, topography and time. The sampling time was April 25, 2017, July 5, 2017 and April 25, 2018, the influence of summer and annual cycle on soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was analyzed. The results showed that:(1) The contents of total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen decreased with the increase of soil depth. (2) The contents of soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in low altitude area was higher than that in high altitude area. (3) The average contents of soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was:sludge > grassland > dry land > bare land. (4) The contents of soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was inversely proportional to the terrain factor LS. (5) The contents of total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil samples collected in summer were significantly lower than that in April. This study explored the distribution characteristics of soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen contents in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Pubugou reservoir from time and space, which could provide scientific data support for the ecological environment management of the Pubugou reservoir.