In this study, different types of pisha sandstone in Zhungeer Banner, Ordos, Inner Mongolia were selected to study the characteristics of organic matter (OM) and available potassium (AK) in soil through field sampling and indoor experiments, and the impact of different soil layers, slope position and slope direction, vegetation richness and other factors on OM and AK was also explored. The results showed that:(1) On the whole, the content of OM in the loess covered area, the sand covered area and the exposed area was between 6.65~7.41 g/kg, which was at a low level, and the content of AK was between 74.61~137.38 mg/kg, which was at a medium high level. (2) Topographic factors had the most obvious effect on soil OM and AK in the loess covered area. Slope direction, slope position and the interaction between slope direction and slope position were correlated with soil nutrients, according to the frequency of significant or extremely significant occurrence. The relationship of the degree of influence was preliminarily demonstrated as slope position > slope direction > slope direction×slope position. (3) There was a high correlation between vegetation richness and soil OM and AK content in three different types of regions, which is an important factor to be considered in soil nutrient study.