Based on the monthly precipitation data of 22 meteorological stations in three outlets region along Jingjiang reaches of Yangtze River from 1951 to 2016, the characteristics of drought-flood variation during 66 years were analyzed by using the standardized precipitation index (SPI), long cycle drought-flood abrupt alternation index (LDFAI), EOF (empirical orthogonal function) analysis, Morlet wavelet analysis and M-K (Mann-Kendall) test. Results showed that:(1)There were large inter-annual variations. Specifically, drought after flood in 1950s, entire drought in 1960s and 1970s, alternation of drought and flood in 1980s, entire flood in 1990s, drought after flood in 2000s, and even-distributed drought-flood in any seasons.(2) Spatially, there were three types of drought-flood in the area, i.e. the flood-prone southeastern zone, the central zone with normal precipitation, and the drought-prone northwest zone, which had distinct seasonal distribution patterns of drought-flood. (3) Frequencies of some 5 and 10 years could be conceived, and stable frequencies of 30~35 years were significant. (4) The LDFAI index was changed in 1981 and 2015, while the intensity changed in 1972 and 2014. (5) In summer, the precipitation in Yichang, Shimen and Lixian changed from drought to flood, while the trends were opposite in and that i Wufeng, Ningxiang, Anxiang, Huarong and Changde.