In order to investigate the beneficial regulations of soil and water conservation in different vegetation types of reclamation areas of open-cut coal mine dump, the research about the vegetation litter was carried out in the 5 typical vegetations of the reclaimed land, including Robinia pseudoacacia， Ulmus pumila， mixed forests (Robinia pseudoacacia and Ulmus pumila) , shrub and weeds, by means of cutting ring method. The results showed that the litter thickness and cumulated amount in 5 sample areas were in the order of forest>shrub>weeds land. The litter thickness was ranged from 0.8 cm to 1.64 cm, the cumulated litter amount was ranged from 0.72 t/hm2to 7.51 t/hm2; the maximum water holding capacity and water conservation ability of litter showed Robinia pseudoacacia maximum, the maximum water-holding rate of litter was 145.58%~206.58%, the maximum water-holding capacity was 13.11 t/hm2~123.98 t/hm2, the effective interception rate was 119.74%~166.05%, the effective interception was 10.09 t/hm2~98.76 t/hm2. The relationship of forest land between litter water-holding capacity and the immersion time was logarithmic function (Q=aln t+b). The litter water absorption rate reached the maximum value at first 0 h ~1 h, then the water absorption rate rapidly decreased in 1 h ~4 h, and finally decreased gradually. The relationship between litter absorption rate and immersion time was power function (V=atb). The study would provide reference for evaluating the water conservation efficiency of litter layer in different reclamation areas of open-cut coal mine dump, and provided scientific basis for the vegetation restoration and reconstruction of the dump.