Agricultural losses result from not only the risk of hazards but also the vulnerability of flood-waterlogging disaster. It is critical to identify methods for minimizing the manifestation of flood-waterlogging flood-waterlogging condition and reducing agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging. The vulnerability of land-based production systems to natural disasters is a function of the systems, underlying ecological integrity. Therefore, ecological improvement and reconstruction may reduce agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging. The vulnerability of agriculture to flood-waterlogging in Hunan province is assessed based on eight factors such as precipitation, forest wreathe and income for every peasantry. The results of this assessment are used to determine optimal methods for ecological improvement and reconstruction to reduce agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging.