The Niche-fitness theory is a further development of the classical niche theory and an extension of the related methods.It is important for human being to utilize environmental resource under sound and optimum state,to exert the most symbiotic domino effect for crop and environment and to layout or produce for industry and agriculture.Under the guidance of the theory of sustainable development for Chinese agriculture,taking Houhu Farm area in Jianghan plain as the example,and introducing the Niche-fitness Model(NFM) into the research of multi-suitability evaluation on cultivated land,this study develops quantitative analysis of niche fitness for rice,wheat,cotton and rape,which is obtained by adding weight and limiting factors models.The results indicate that the Niche-fitness value in this area is in medium and high side,the condition of zoology and environment can be able to meet basic requirement of crop in the total farm,and a part of plot should be improved in the area.At the same time,it is proved that CEC,soluble phosphorus and total nitrogen are the primary niche factors that restrict land productive potential in this area.These results can be used to supervise agricultural produce immediately,to promote reasonable utilization and scientific management of cultivated land resources.