Much attention has been paid to river health assessment and restoration.Ecological degradation of Yellow river has been serious,thus the study on its health assessment and restoration is of great significance in theory and practice.Based on the analysis of Yellow river health connotation, the health assessment system of Yellow river,including the mainstream and branch health,river headstream,upstream,middle stream,downstream and river mouth health,watershed socio-economy and natural system health,are framed,and the performance indicator system of Yellow river health,consisting of five components as water quality,water quantity,aquatic life,physical form and riparian zone,is established.Moreover,the restoration activities of macro,middle and micro level of Yellow river are put forward,and the priority areas of restoration are identified.