There was a large of low-quality and benefit forest which had low ecological functions in western Sichuan. The hydrological process of litter was investigated through 1 year improvement on low-quality and benefit shrub forest in middle-mountain of the upper reaches of Minjiang river. The results showed: (1) the thickness and storage of litter were significantly improved and its storage increased 32.68%. Decomposition rate of litter was accelerated in improved shrubland. (2) the maximum water-holding of litter increased 39.60% than that before shrubland improved. The maximum water-holding of litter was mainly affected by the storage and the decomposition degree of litter. (3) The retaining capacity of litter on rainfall interception also increased after low-quality and benefit shrub forest were improved. (4) the relationship of the water-holding capacity and dipping water time showed logarithmic curve((S=klnt p), and therelationship of the water absorption rate and time showed inverse curve (V=p kt~(-1)). We should study the decomposition rate of litter and soil ecological function after low-quality and benefit shrub forest improved for synthetical evaluating ecological effect.