The landscape pattern is indicator of the regional climate and many other factors, and it also has significant effect on runoff. The vegetation landscape pattern and runoff in Jinghe river basin on the Loess Plateau was studied in this paper, the result showed as follow: Average runoff and its yearly variation increased with the vegetation landscape structure turned to complex and landscape diversity enlarged. Compared with grass landscape watershed, runoff of forest and shrub watersheds was bigger and more uniform, while that of compound landscape watersheds was inferior. The landscape contagion index and dominant index related to runoff positively, while the landscape diversity index and the landscape patchiness index related to runoff negatively, and the landscape shape index did not relate to watershed runoff. The annual variation of runoff turned to uniform with the landscape patchiness index and landscape diversity index increased, and it turned to extreme with the landscape contagion index and landscape dominant index increased, and it did not relate to landscape shape index. The extreme runoff (very big or very small) of watershed decreased with the landscape diversity increasing.