The paper researched the soil water effect across measuring the physical characters of soil water in Pailugou watershed in Qilian Mountains forest ecology monitoring station belonging to the state key field scientific experimental station. The result shows:(1)The water holding capacity of sub-alpine shrub meadow soil is best and aerate well and then forest gray-brown soil with best aeration, chestnut soil has little water holding capacity and bad aeration;(2)The index of soil hydrology effect changes with soil depth, the change extent was sub-alpine shrub meadow soil > forest gray-brown soil > chestnut soil;(3)Hydrology effect of soil unit depth was sub-alpine shrub meadow soil > forest gray-brown soil>chestnut soil;(4)Soil hydrology effect is affected by soil depth besides its characters, the indexes of unit depth of sub-alpine shrub meadow soil were better than the other soil types, but the total hydrology effect index was lower except of natural storing water amount since the little soil layer in the high altitude.