Preliminarily spatial distribution of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium of circular distribution vegetation area of annular wetlands in Sanjiang Plain was investigated. The results showed that soil chemical element of annular wetlands had obvious horizontal difference law, that was, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content gradually lowered and total potassium content gradually raised from center to edge of annular wetlands. The soil chemical element of annular wetlands had obvious vertical difference law, that was, from top to bottom, the soil total nitrogen of five vegetation communities except Ass. Carex pseudocuraica increased first and then decreased; the total phosphorus and total potassium content of most vegetation communities decreased first and then increased. The spatial distribution of soil nutrient elements of annular wetlands was main effected by biological process and hydro-geomorphological process and determined function of ecosystem through structure.