The vegetation restoration and construction on the Loess Plateau is a key ecological engineering in Chi- na. It is extremely important for the improvement of local ecological environments and economy. There are many problems in vegetation restoration and construction on the Loess Plateau, although we have practiced this over fifty years. In order to get obvious efficiency from the vegetation restoration and construction, the theory and techniques are discussed in detail in this work. We hope that these theory and techniques can be applied to the practice of vegetation restoration and construction, and obviously improve its results.