Supervisory practice of the ecological construction project for soil and water conservatoin of the Yellow River has accumulated rich experience for promoting the system in the country from angles of supervisory features,functions and contents in ecological construction project for soil and water consevation.The existing problems are:work at the earlier stage cannot satisfy the requirement of supervisory work;much alteration that is difficult to deal with;workload for forestation and vegetation is difficult to verify;the collocated fund cannot reach the designated position and how to render an account if the management task could not be finished;notification from supervising engineer is difficult to carry out;project tendering is not standard;supervising engineer fails to fulfill his supervisory duty,and etc.From now on,we should solve the problems that the supervisory work is facing from the following aspects:perfecting the work at the earlier stage and be strict with the project management;endowing the supervising engineer with right of alteration under the condition of unchangeable scale and investment of the project;altering mode of investment for the project;and reinforcing construction of laws,rules and regulations.