Based on the observed data, the characteristics of rainstorm, flood and sediment in the Tuwei River watershed was systematically analyzed. The results indicated that,the high sediment concentration flow of the Tuwei River was caused by the integrated action of freeze thaw,wind and water erosion,and the sediment delivery ratio of single rainstorm flood was less than 1. The sediment source in the watershed was also clarified. It provided scientific basis for watershed control in sandy and coarse sand areas in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.