[Objective] The formation and development of niches in collapsing walls intensify the erosion of benggang and threaten land resources and the ecological environment. [Methods] The spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of niches in typical benggang erosion areas were investigated to explore their distribution patterns and evolutionary process. [Results] 1）Niches were mainly found in the lower part of collapsing walls，accounting for 45.83%，with 90.28% developed in the sandy layer，and the angles mainly ranged from 30° to 50°（50.69%）. 2）Niches showed strong variability in morphological parameters，with 90.97% of the niches having a flattening ratio greater than 0.1，primarily presenting as elliptical and extremely elliptical. 70.80% of the niches had both length-to-depth and short-to-depth ratios greater than 1，and 22.20% had a length-to-depth ratio greater than 1 and a short-to-depth ratio less than 1， reflecting that their plane morphology primarily extended vertically，and their evolutionary stage was influenced by horizontal expansion. 3）There was a highly significant positive correlation among the long axis，short axis and concavity depth of the niche（p<0.01），and the length-to-depth ratio and the short-to-depth ratio could indirectly influence each other and jointly drive the morphological development of the niche. [Conclusion] The study reveals the developmental characteristics and spatial distribution of niches in collapsing walls，providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of benggang erosion.