[Objective] The forest coverage rate in the Yangtze River Delta region reaches 33.4%, and the underlying surface soil may have an important impact on the regional greenhouse gas budget. To explore the characteristics of changes in CH₄ and N₂O fluxes in the forest ecosystem soil in this region, as well as the effects of soil physicochemical properties and litter on these two greenhouse gas fluxes. [Methods] Taking the typical broad-leaved forest soil in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province as the research object, soil-air interface CH₄ and N₂O fluxes were continuously measured from November 2022 to November 2023 by the static chamber-gas chromatography method. [Results] The average annual absorption fluxes of CH₄ in the soil without litter (S) and soil with litter (SL) treatments were(47.82±18.54),(36.80±13.55) μg/(m²·h), as well as the average emission fluxes of N₂O were (80.74±45.24),(52.70±25.98) μg/(m²·h), respectively. The seasonal variations of CH₄ absorption fluxes were similar under the two treatments of S and SL, with the absorption flux in spring and summer being higher than that in autumn and winter. The N₂O emission fluxes of the two treatments also showed similar seasonal variations, with the highest in summer, followed by spring, and lower in autumn and winter. Litter had a significant impact on CH₄ absorption and N₂O emissions, with litter remove leading to a 29.9％ increase in CH₄ influx and a 53.2％ increase in N₂O efflux. Correlation analysis revealed that the CH₄ absorption flux and N₂O emission flux under the two treatments were significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon content and soil temperature, respectively (p<0.05). The CH₄ absorption flux had a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density under SL treatment (p<0.05). [Conclusion] The research results indicate that broad-leaved forests have an important role in forest carbon sinks, and the management of soil litter in broad-leaved forest is crucial for balancing CH₄ absorption and N₂O emissions, as well as mitigating climate warming.