[Objective] In order to reveal the effect of different soil and water conservation measures on reducing runoff and sediment in Ta-pieh Mountains, optimize the allocation mode of soil and water conservation measures in Ta-pieh Mountains. [Methods] Based on the erosion observation data of four runoff plots in Shiqiaopu, Hongan, Yingshan and Tuanfeng, the water and soil conservation benefits under different water and soil conservation measures were compared and analyzed. [Results] (1) There was no obvious benefit of soil and water conservation in normal farming, but the benefit of soil and water conservation was improved under terraced field + tillage mode, and the comprehensive benefit of stone ridge terraced field + peanut-rape was the best, and the reduction rate of soil erosion reached 55%; (2) The allocation mode of biological measures combined with engineering measures has good water and soil conservation benefits, but there are differences in the benefits of runoff and sediment reduction. For example, the benefits of sediment reduction in stone ridge terrace + chestnut were better than those of runoff reduction; (3) Vetiver and vetiver contour hedgerow were the best measures for soil and water conservation in this study, and the comprehensive benefit of vetiver contour hedgerow reached 70%. [Conclusion] Vetiver and vetiver contour hedge are suitable to be popularized in Huanggang and Ta-pieh mountainous areas, and the combination of multiple measures has more advantages than a single measure. The research results can provide reference for regional soil and water conservation measures allocation.