In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the ecosystem restoration project implemented in Kangping County, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, since 1999, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the land surface ecosystem in Kangping area were interpreted by using multi-period landsat images. The pattern of the land surface ecosystem in Kangping area since 1984 were studied by using the research methods such as the regression analysis of climate elements, the ecosystem transfer matrix and the comprehensive human disturbance index of the ecosystem. In particular, the temporal and spatial changes of the ecosystem in the past 20 years since the implementation of the ecosystem restoration project were explored and the driving force mechanism of its evolution was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) During 1999—2020, the ecological system pattern of Kangping area changed significantly, which was mainly reflected in reduction of the proportion of sandy land by 35.391%, reduction of the proportion of cultivated land by 6.240%, and a substantial increase in the area of forest land. (2) Through regression analysis of climatic elements, we found that the overall climate in Kangping area became wet during the study period, especially after the implementation of the ecosystem restoration project, which was suitable for the growth and restoration of land surface vegetation. Finally, it was concluded that the main driving force for the evolution of the ecological system pattern of Kangping area was a series of ecosystem restoration projects implemented in the region since the end of the last century, and the auxiliary driving force was the decrease of the days of the sand-driving wind per year the climate humidification in the region.