This study was aimed to investigate the distribution of soil nutrients along slope on the Loess Plateau and establish the spatial variation of soil nutrients driven by erosion after forestland reclamation. In this study, soils were collected in the Ziwuling forestland and forestland reclaimed for 28 years which was eroded, in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau. The spatial distributions of soil nutrients were analyzed with the methods of classical statistics and geostatistics. We found that the soil pH value increased by 0.24 units in the slopes after reclamation, while the soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺), nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^-), available potassium (AP), available phosphorus (AK) decreased by 13.77, 1.14, 0.10 g/kg, and 6.05, 1.63, 4.99, 58.44 mg/kg, respectively. The variation coefficients of soil OM, TN and TP in the forest were greater than those in the forestland reclamation, while the opposite trend was found in the soil pH value. The changes of the nutrients in the middle slope and lower slope was larger, but was smaller in the upper slope after the forestland reclamation. The soil nutrients in the forest and the forestland reclamation had medium or strong spatial self-correlation. The spatial heterogeneity of OM, TN, TP, NH₄⁺, AP and AK in the forestland reclamation was increased, but the spatial heterogeneity of soil pH was decreased, mainly due to the structural factors, such as terrain, dominated the formation of soil nutrients space heterogeneity. After the reclamation of forestland, the effective range of pH, OM, TN and TP were increased, while NH₄⁺, NO₃^- and AK were decreased, and the variation of AP on the two slopes was inconsistent. Our results demonstrated that soil nutrients contents on the slope decreased in the forestland reclamation, but the changes in the nutrients were related to slope position and slope pattern. Moreover, the spatial dependence of OM, TN and TP increased, but decreased in the available nutrients after the forestland reclamation.