Based on the centimeter-resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) image, the Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) was applied to identify the soil and water conservation (SWC) measures, including contour ridges, ridge plants, ecological restoration forest, ecological restoration grassland, in the Chuanzigou catchment of Yitong district, Jilin province. Spectral indices including Excess Green Index (ExG), Excess Red Index (ExR), Normalized Difference Index (NDI), shape features including principal direction and shape index, and texture features including mean, variance and contrast were used to extract the features of SWC measures. Finally, the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of the identification of SWC measures in the study area was 91.24% and 0.87, respectively. The overall accuracy of the identification of linear SWC measures such as ridges and ridge-furrows was 72.33% with a Kappa coefficient of 0.63. The research showed that the centimeter-resolution UAV image, combined with the OBIA methods had the ability to accurately identify SWC measures in black soil area. They can also identify linear measures such as ridges and ridge-furrows automatically. The research can provide a reference basis for the dynamic monitoring of the implementation scope and integrity of SWC measures.