As a main component of terrestrial ecosystem, vegetation has a profound impact on ecological structure and function. The study of spatiotemporal variation of vegetation and its relationship with climatic factors are beneficial to understand pattern, process and function of ecosystem, and provide important references for ecological protection and construction.Based on MODIS13Q1 NDVI data set during 2000-2016, combined with the precipitation and average temperature data of 14 meteorological stations in and around basin, this paper used the trend analysis method, mutation test, IDW spatial interpolation method, partial correlation analysis and R/S analysis method, analyzed NDVI temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics and the relationship with climate factors for a total of 17 years in Qinghai Lake Basin.The results showed that:(1) NDVI in Qinghai Lake Basin generally showed an upward trend, with significant and extremely significant improvement areas accounting for 40.18% of the total area during 2000 to 2016. (2) NDVI was positively correlated with the annual precipitation and average temperature, but was not significantly correlated in most areas. The correlation between NDVI and annual precipitation was higher than annual average temperature. (3) The future evolution of NDVI in the basin was mostly random, accounting for 65.07%, and the area from improvement to degradation accounted for 26.73%, mostly distributed in the permafrost area in the county of Tianjun located in watersheds upstream. The climate in Qinghai Lake Basin is developing towards warm and humid,in addition, the implementation of ecological construction project, NDVI in the basin overall has been improved from 2000 to 2016. Due to the typicality and particularity of the Tibet Plateau, the future trend of vegetation still has randomness and heterogeneity.