With climate change, meteorological drought threatens the development of agricultural economy.Using percentage of precipitation anomaly index to describe drought，with precipitation data from weather stations in 16 city in Shaanxi province，annual drought indices in the recent 50 years(from 1960 to 2012)were calculated. On this basis, analyzing the interannual variation of drought, the spatial distribution characteristics of drought intensity were analyzed by GIS10.1. Here we show that summer precipitation in Shaanxi province is more than that in winter. From northern part to southern part, the average annual precipitation increased. The number of drought event was 15, 17, 13, 16 of southern part, northern part, guanzhong area respectively during this 53 years. The average frequence of drought event was 28%. The average occurrence frequency of light, moderate, serious, extraordinary drought were 19%, 6%, 1%, 2%. Among them the occurrence frequency of drought in Suide city was the highest(39%).This research will provide a scientific basis for drought monitoring, evaluation, forecast and drought resistance strategy in Shaanxi Province.