The effect of lead (Pb) treatment on the soil enzymatic activities,soil microbial biomass,rice physiological indices and rice biomass in soil-rice system were studied by pot experiment in a greenhouse. Lead was applied at 0(CK),100,300,500,700,900 mg/kg levels in two different paddy soils.The results showed that low Pb concentration had a stimulating effect on soil enzymatic activities,microbial biomass car- bon (Cmic) and rice biomass,and an inhibitory influence on most indices when Pb concentration over 500 mg/kg and the influence also restricted by soil properties (e.g.size composition,organic matter content). Rice Chorophyll content increased with Pb level and appeared a peak at 700 mg/kg Pb concentration,then decreased with Pb level in Silty loam,however,no evident difference in Yellowish red soil.Pb was effective in indueing proline accumulation and its toxicity caused oxidative stress on rice plants.Higher soil Cmic with planting rice than with no rice indicated rice growth definite detoxification.On the whole,Soil enzymatic ac- tivities,Cmic and rice physiological indices,therefore,may be sensitive indicators reflecting environmental stress in soil-Pb-rice system.And the correlations among them followed soil types.