This paper researched the temporal and spatial variability characteristic of surface soil moisture content in sand areas where were covered by different vegetation types in Shapotou,the results indicated that the distribution of surface soil moisture was normal distribution,the surface soil moisture content increased obviously and the fragmentation degree minished after precipitation,the distribution of soil moisture was more even.When surface soil moisture content was extreme low,the variance trend of surface soil moisture spatial variability and soil moisture content was consistent,when the surface soil moisture content wasn't quite low,the variance trend of soil moisture spatial variability and surface soil moisture content was reverse.The turning points where the relationship between surface soil moisture spatial variability and soil moisture content changed occurred when surface soil moisture content was 1.5%,2.5%,3%,3% and 4% in moving sand area,Caragana korshinskii area A,Caragana korshinskii area B,A.ordosica area,sand-binding vegetation area respectively.