To research the reasons why the existed measures of soil and water conservation bring the different benefit of soil and water conservation which are existing in the same valley and at the same time. We cite the data of Gushanchuan valley and introduce the existed effect,at the same time, we use the method of analysis and compare,in the end, we think the evident different effect is theresult of taking different number of measure and different keeping water and reducing sand index.To resolve the existing difference and enhance the accuracy,we will strengthen the research work of basic data and disciplinarian,especially for the research work in the small runoff watershed and the disciplinarian of soil erosion in small watershed and the benefit of soil and water conservation etc.