花岗岩不同土地利用类型坡地产流和入渗特征
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福建省自然基金课题(93D006)


Characteristics of Runoff and Infiltration on Various Land Used Slopes in Granite Area
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    摘要:

    根据安溪官桥径流小区实测资料,确定了不同利用坡地临界产流降雨标准。结果表明,植被较好的林果茶坡地很少有地表径流产生。以这类坡地为主的流域,坡地地表直接补给河流的比例很小,壤中流(表层流)和地下水流可能在造峰过程中起决定性作用;而在自然裸地,坡地地表直接补给河流的径流比例可达70%,地表快速汇流是造峰主导因素。坡地产流期内降雨损失率随产期内降雨平均强度的增大而增加,两者呈幂函数关系:f=aib,从Ⅰ类→Ⅱ类→Ⅲ类→Ⅳ类坡地,a,b值减小;坡地土壤入渗特征曲线呈f=ae(-bt)关系。

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    Based on the measured data obtained from Anxi, the Curves of the orifical runoff precipitation have been established on various slopes. The results show that the coefficient of surface runoff is below 5% and subsurface and underground flow would be dominant factor to make the flood on the slopes with good vegetation cover, and on the undisturbed bare slopes the coefficient is over 45% and the surface flow would be determinant to form the flood. The relationship between the precipitation loss and intensity f=aib have been set up on various slopes, and the curves of infiltration process f=ae-bt also have been simulated on the basis of analyzing to the process curves of precipitation and runoff. It is point that a would be main influenced by precipitation intensity and the advanced rainfall, and b would be determined by advanced rainfall.

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阮伏水,周伏建.花岗岩不同土地利用类型坡地产流和入渗特征[J].水土保持学报,1996,(3):1~7

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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-10-19
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