To clarify the characteristics of flow-sediment movement process, changing tendency and movement state of Toudaoguai hydrologic station of the Yellow River, based on the flow and sediment data of Toudaoguai hydrological station in the Yellow River from 2006 to 2018, the flow-sediment movement process was systematically analyzed by using the cumulative anomaly, R/S range analysis, sediment coefficient and incoordination degree methods. The results showed that the inter-annual and monthly average variation of flow-sediment discharge in Toudaoguai station were well consistent, but the seasonal differences between them were significant, and the significance of sediment discharge was more prominent than runoff. Compared with other seasons, the synchronicity of variation trend of flow and sediment discharge in winter was worse. The Hurst index of seasonal revealed that the reverse persistence of the variation trend of sediment discharge, and the incongruity of flow and sediment in winter, could easily lead to erosion and deposition of the river channels. Based on sediment coefficient, which was the basis for the division of water and sediment states, the flow and sediment states were divided into three types, less water and more sediment was the characteristics of flow and sediment state in spring, summer and autumn, while in winter the state was more water and less sediment, and the flow-sediment coordination state appeared in spring of very few years. The incoordination degree of seasonal flow-sediment followed the order of summer > autumn > spring > winter. The special water and sediment inflow process, hydrological and climatic characteristics and human activities were the main factors influenced the imbalance of flow and sediment.