Abstract:In order to explore the soil and water conservation benefit of different ecological restoration measures on sloping land under different rainfall conditions, this study analyzed the runoff and sediment under six ecological restoration measures (Ecological restoration grassland, ERG; Level terrace and preparation+fruit forest, LF; Fruit forest, FF; Sloping land, SL; Cultivated pastures, CP; Soil and water conservation forest, SWF) under the 104 erosive rainfalls. The observation data from 2014 to 2017 of runoff plots located in the Yunwu Water and soil conservation monitoring station, Guizhou province were used. The results showed that: (1) According to rainfall duration, rainfall intensity and rainfall, erosive rainfall could be divided into three types: A-type (medium duration, medium rainfall intensity and medium rainfall); B-type (long duration, light rainfall intensity and large rainfall); C-type (short duration, heavy rainfall intensity and small rainfall), and C-type was the main cause of regional soil erosion. (2) Compared with sloping farmland, the runoff reduction under the A-type and C-type showed the trend of LF > SWF > CP > ERG > FF, and the sediment reduction showed the trend of LF > CP > SWF > ERG > FF. The runoff reduction under the B-type showed the trend of LF > ERG > SWF > CP > FF, and the sediment reduction showed the trend of LF > ERG > CP > SWF > FF. Except ERG, the control effect of different measures on soil and water loss under A-type and C-type was better than that B-type. The control effect of different measures on slope sediment yield was better than that of runoff. ERG had good soil and water conservation effect under B-type. (3) The soil erosion of sloping land was the most serious. Compared with sloping farmland, the runoff reduction rate of LF was 62.7%, 53.0% and 63.2% under A-type, B-type and C-type respectively. The soil erosion modulus of LF was 3 t/(km2·a), which could reduce the soil erosion rate by 99.2% compared with the sloping farmland. (4) Slope runoff and rainfall were concentrated from May to August. Slope sediment and C-type were concentrated in May and June.