喀斯特山区不同生态恢复下石灰土钙形态特征
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陈青松(1994-),男,在读硕士研究生,主要从事农业资源与环境研究。E-mail:944677794@qq.com

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国家自然科学基金项目(31460133)


Calcium Components of Calcareous Soil Under Different Ecological Restoration Patterns in Karst Mountainous Area
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    摘要:

    以喀斯特高原峡谷区典型石灰土草地、退耕还草、林草间作等不同生态恢复模式为研究对象,分层采集整个剖面土壤,采用改进的BCR提取方法,通过冗余分析(RDA)等方法分析不同生态恢复模式下土壤钙的形态特征及其影响因素。研究表明:在不同生态恢复状态下,林草间作地土壤全钙、水溶态钙和酸溶态钙质量分数最高,草地土壤交换态钙质量分数最高;有机态钙含量在不同生态恢复模式土壤中没有显著差异;钙形态占全钙比均存在交换态 > 酸溶态 > 有机态 > 水溶态含量的顺序。在垂直方向,耕地和退耕还草地土壤全钙及有效钙、酸溶态钙含量表现为表层<底层,而林草间作地和草地则为表层>底层;有机态钙含量在剖面上变化波动不大,平均值为0.33 g/kg;有效态钙及酸溶态钙在不同生态恢复下均具有空间差异性和表聚性,且与土壤pH、有机质、CEC、全氮、速效氮等土壤基本理化性质呈极显著正相关关系,通过冗余分析得出,土壤CEC、氮素和pH为影响钙素形态分布的主要因素。研究结果有助于深刻认识喀斯特山区土壤钙迁移转化规律,为喀斯特生态脆弱区生态环境恢复重建和水土保持等方面提供科学依据和理论指导。

    Abstract:

    Taking the typical lime soil grasslands,returning farmland to grass,forest and grass intercropping in karst plateau canyon areas as research objects,hierarchical collection of the entire profile soil and the improved BCR extraction method through redundant analysis (RDA) were used to analyze the morphological characteristics of soil calcium and its influencing factors under different ecological restoration models. Studies showed that under different ecological restoration states,the soil calcium,water-soluble calcium,and acid-soluble calcium had the highest mass fractions in the intercropping forest and grass,and grassland soil had the highest exchangeable calcium mass fraction. The organic calcium content was not significantly different in soils under different ecological restoration models. The calcium form to total calcium exists in the order of exchange state > acid soluble state > organic state > water soluble state. In the vertical direction,the contents of total calcium,available calcium,and acid-soluble calcium in the cultivated land and returning cultivated land in surface layer were smaller than those in the bottom layer,but surface layer>bottom layer for the forest and grass intercropping land and grassland. The organic calcium content did not change much on the profile,and the average value was about 0.33 g/kg. Available calcium and acid-soluble calcium had spatial differences and surface aggregation under different ecological restorations. There were very significant positive correlations among the basic physical and chemical properties of the soil such as pH,organic matter,CEC,total nitrogen,and available nitrogen. Through redundant analysis,it could be concluded that soil CEC,nitrogen,and pH were the main factors affecting the distribution of calcium forms. These research results are helpful for understanding the rules of soil calcium migration and transformation in karst mountainous areas. It could provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the restoration and reconstruction of ecological environment and soil and water conservation in karst ecologically fragile areas.

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陈青松, 舒英格, 周鹏鹏, 陈忠柳.喀斯特山区不同生态恢复下石灰土钙形态特征[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(4):48~55

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-04
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