Field experiments were conducted to study 11 common potato varieties in central south China. The contents of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in potato organs were determined to analyze the difference of Cd and Pb absorption and accumulation capacity in different varieties of potatoes. The achievement of this work could provide a practical reference for safe planting of potatoes in the areas soil polluted with heavy metals in central south China. The results showed that in the soil complexly polluted with Cd and Pb, the fresh weight of tuber, stem and leaf, and the contents of Cd and Pb in roots, stems and leaves, tubers of potato plants showed significant differences among 11 varieties. The contents of Cd in tuber ranged from 0.39 to 0.67 mg/kg, showing an exceeding the standard rate of 100%; the contents of Pb in tuber ranged from 0.16 to 0.43 mg/kg, exceeding the standard rate of 81.8%. The contents of Cd and Pb in different potato organs showed a distribution pattern as root > stem and leaf > tuber. The bioaccumulation factors of Cd and Pb in potato plants ranged from 2.35 to 5.56 and 0.11 to 0.22, respectively, indicating that bioaccumulation and translocation capacity of potato for Cd was greater than for Pb. Although the Total Target Hazard Quotient demonstrated that the TTHQ values of five kinds of potatoes such as Jinxiang were less than 1, the risk to human health was small, but combined with the Cd and Pb contents of tubers, it is recommended to be safer to use potatoes grown in contaminated areas as industrial raw materials.