生物炭对豫西丘陵区农田土壤团聚体稳定性及碳、氮分布的影响
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悦飞雪(1990-),女,河南滑县人,硕士研究生,主要从事退化土壤生态修复研究。E-mail:yuefeixue1935@126.com

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国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301101);国家自然科学基金项目(31700367);河南省自然科学基金项目(182300410163);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2016GGJS-062);河南科技大学学科提升振兴A计划项目(13660002)


Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Aggregates Stability and Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Distribution in the Hilly Area of Western Henan Province, China
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    摘要:

    为研究生物炭对豫西丘陵地区农田土壤团聚体分布、稳定性及其碳、氮在团聚体中分布的影响,进一步探明生物炭对丘陵区农田土壤结构和养分的长期作用效果。采用田间长期定位试验,生物炭用量为0(C0),20(C20),40(C40)t/hm2 3个处理,研究生物炭施用5年后对土壤团聚体组成及稳定性的影响,探究土壤团聚体中有机碳和全氮分布特性。结果表明:施加20,40 t/hm2生物炭可提高0-20,20-40 cm土层的机械性 > 0.5 mm以上粒级和水稳性 > 0.053 mm以上粒级团聚体含量。在0-20 cm土层中,C20和C40处理下>0.25 mm的机械性团聚体(DR0.25)分别较对照增加3.78%和6.83%,>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体(WR0.25)分别较对照增加31.0%和49.45%,土壤不稳定团粒指数(ELT)分别较对照降低4.30%和6.85%,土壤团聚体破坏率(PAD)分别较对照降低9.71%和14.77%,土壤团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)分别较对照增加28.44%和45.34%,几何平均直径(GMD)分别较对照增加32.04%和54.92%。各粒级的有机碳和全氮含量随生物炭施用量的增加而增加,有机碳和全氮含量都以0.25~0.053 mm粒级最高,且0-20 cm土层的有机碳和全氮含量高于20-40 cm土层的有机碳和全氮含量;随着生物炭施用量的增加,>2,2~0.25,0.25~0.053 mm粒级团聚体有机碳和全氮贡献率随之增加,而<0.053 mm粒级微团聚体有机碳和全氮贡献率随之降低。总体来说,生物炭能够改善豫西丘陵地区农田土壤的团聚体结构,增加土壤大团聚体的含量,增强团聚体的稳定性,提高土壤团聚体中碳、氮含量,有利于豫西地区农田土壤肥力的保持和持续健康发展。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the effects of biochar application on soil aggregates stability, organic carbon, and total nitrogen distribution, further elucidate the long-term effective mechanism of biochar addition on farmland in the hilly area of western Henan Province, China, a 5-years field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of biochar application(0 (C0), 20 (C20), 40 (C40) t/hm2) on soil aggregates composition and stability, and illustrated the distribution characteristics of organic carbon and total nitrogen in soil aggregates. The results showed that biochar application with 20 and 40 t/hm2 increased the contents of > 0.5 mm mechanical and > 0.053 mm water stable aggregates. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, compared with the control, C20 and C40 treatments increased the >0.25 mm mechanical aggregate (DR0.25) by 3.78% and 6.83%, increased >0.25 mm aggregate water stability (WR0.25) by 31.0% and 49.45%, decreased unstable soil aggregate index (ELT) by 4.30% and 6.85%, decreased proportion of soil aggregate destruction (PAD) by 9.71% and 14.77%, increased the mean weight diameter (MWD) of soil aggregates by 28.44% and 45.34%, and increased the geometric mean diameter (GMD) significantly by 32.04% and 54.92%. The content of organic carbon and total nitrogen increased with the increase of biochar application rates in each size fraction, was the highest in 0.25~0.053 mm aggregate. The contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen in 0-20 cm soil layer was higher than that in the 20-40 cm soil layer. With the increase of biochar application amounts, the contribution rates of organic carbon and total nitrogen increased at >2, 2~0.25 and 0.25~0.053 mm aggregates, and the contribution rates of organic carbon and total nitrogen decreased at <0.053 mm aggregate. In general, biochar improved the soil aggregate structure, increased the content and stability of soil macro-aggregate, and increased the contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen in each size fraction, which was beneficial to maintain the soil fertility and the long-term healthy development of farmland in the hilly area of western Henan Province.

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悦飞雪, 李继伟, 乔鑫鑫, 焦念元, 尹飞, 郭大勇, 王艳芳, 刘领.生物炭对豫西丘陵区农田土壤团聚体稳定性及碳、氮分布的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(6):265~272

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-12-19
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