Abstract:In order to prevent and control soil erosion during the thawing period, two typical small watersheds were taken as the research objects in the Hilly Area of Changbai Mountain in the Northeast Black Soil Region. Soil erosion, soil moisture (ω), soil temperature (T), soil shear stress (τ), soil reflected radiation (J) and local slope gradient (S) were observed during spring thawing period, and their corresponding effects on soil erosion were quantified, then the soil erosion prediction equation was developed. The results showed that soil erosion increased from the upslope, middle slope to the bottom slope; with the increase of the local slope gradients, soil erosion increased, but the increasing trend slowed down gradually; among the different aspects, southern slope had the largest soil erosion, and the northern had the smallest; and the differences were all significant (P<0.05). The factors affecting soil erosion were S, ω, τ, T and J, from large to small, during the thawing period. The prediction equation of soil erosion based on local slope gradient, soil moisture content and soil shear stress was developed (R2=0.903). This study would provide a scientific basis for soil erosion control during the thawing period.