Si/As调控苗期水稻吸收、外排和转运砷的研究
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付洁(1992-),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事环境化学与污染控制研究。E-mail:fujie1310@163.com

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X53;S511.2+2

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国家自然科学基金项目(41471398);河北省高等学校创新团队领军人才培育计划项目(LJRC016)


Regulation of Si/As on Arsenic Uptake, Efflux and Translocation in Rice Seedlings (Oryza sativa)
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    摘要:

    通过生物模拟法,将水稻幼苗分别暴露于含有10 μmol/L无机三价砷As (Ⅲ)或五价砷As (V)的营养液中12,24,48 h,探究硅砷摩尔比(Si/As为0∶1,100∶1和200∶1)对苗期水稻吸收、外排、转运和累积砷的影响。结果表明,水稻暴露于含As (Ⅲ)营养液中12 h,与Si/As为0∶1相比,Si/As为200∶1的处理使水稻的As (Ⅲ)吸收速率降低30.7%(P<0.05),且随着暴露时间的延长,水稻对As (Ⅲ)的吸收速率逐渐降低,不同Si/As对其吸收速率的影响也减弱。处理48 h,100∶1和200∶1的Si/As均降低水稻根部As (Ⅲ)向茎叶的转移系数,较Si/As为0∶1分别降低51.2%和56.9%,同时水稻地上部As (Ⅲ)含量比Si/As为0∶1的处理分别降低50.7%和67.2%;暴露在As (V)营养液中12 h,Si/As为100∶1促进水稻对As (V)的吸收,增幅高达82.3%,但暴露24 h,Si/As为200∶1则抑制水稻根系对As (V)的吸收,以及As (Ⅲ)的外排和As (Ⅲ)由水稻根系向茎叶的转运,降幅分别为28.0%,41.9%和39.9%。暴露48 h时,Si/As为200∶1的水稻As (Ⅲ)转移系数较Si/As为100∶1的处理降低57.9%,并且处理24,48 h时,Si/As为100∶1和200∶1水稻地上部As (Ⅲ)含量显著降低53.6%和75.0%,25.0%和52.8%。此外,水稻根系对As (V)的吸收与As (Ⅲ)的外排之间呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.921,P<0.01),该关系不受Si/As和暴露时间的影响。无论是As (Ⅲ)或As (V)处理,在12~48 h的暴露时间内,Si/As为200∶1显著抑制砷的吸收、As (Ⅲ)的外排和As (Ⅲ)在水稻体内的转运。

    Abstract:

    A hydroponic experiment was carried out to explore the effects of Si/As ratios (0:1,100:1 and 200:1) on the uptake, efflux, translocation and accumulation of arsenic in rice seedlings that were grown in nutrient solution containing 10 μmol/L arsenite or arsenate for 12, 24,48 h. The results showed that Si/As of 200:1 reduced arsenite uptake rate compared to Si/As of 0:1, accounting for 30.7% (P<0.05), when rice was exposed to nutrient solution with arsenite and silicon for 12 h. The uptake rates of arsenite of rice gradually decreased and the effect of different Si/As ratios reduced with the prolongation of exposure time. Furthermore, compared to Si/As of 0:1, the ratios of Si/As at 100:1 and 200:1 inhibited the translocation of arsenite from roots to shoot and the concentrations of As(Ⅲ) were decreased by 51.2% and 56.9%, respectively, when rice seedlings exposed to nutrient solution with arsenite for 48 h, at the same time, the concentrations of As(Ⅲ) in rice shoots were significantly lower than Si/As of 0:1, accounting for 50.7% and 67.2%, respectively. When rice seedlings were exposed to arsenate nutrient solution for 12 h, Si/As of 100:1 promoted the uptake rate of arsenate by rice, which was 82.3% higher than Si/As of 0:1. However, the ratio of Si/As of 200:1 inhibited the uptake rates of arsenate, arsenite efflux by rice roots and translocation of As(Ⅲ) after 24 h for exposure to asenate, accounting for 28.0%, 41.9% and 39.9%, respectively. The translocation of As(Ⅲ) from root to shoot with Si/As of 200:1 was 57.9% lower than that of Si/As of 100:1 after 48 h of exposure time. In addition, the concentrations of As(Ⅲ) in rice shoots in the treatment of Si/As ratio at 100:1 and 200:1 for 24 h or 48 h were significantly lower than the control, accounting for 53.6% and 75.0%, 25.0% and 52.8%. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the uptake of As(V) and the efflux of As(Ⅲ) in rice roots (r=0.921, P<0.01), which was not affected by Si/As and exposure time. In summary, when rice seedlings were exposed in nutrient solution with As(Ⅲ) or As(V) for 12~48 h, the ratio of Si/As at 200:1 significantly inhibited arsenic uptake, As(Ⅲ) efflux and translocation of As(Ⅲ) from root to shoot in rice.

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付洁, 陈苗苗, 樊利敏, 孙洪欣, 薛培英, 刘文菊. Si/As调控苗期水稻吸收、外排和转运砷的研究[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(4):370~376

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-29
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-08-19
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