Based on field observations of runoff and sediments of water and soil erosion under different land uses generated on runoff plots and rainfall data from 2015 to 2017,we studied quantitatively the effects in upper area of Fen River. The results showed that:(1) The distribution of erosion rainfall in the study area was very uneven within a year and between years. Several times of heavy rainfall contributed a lot to the erosion of rainfall. (2) Under different rainfall conditions, the runoff or sediment holding capacity of the fish-scale pit + trees or shrubs was the strongest, while the bare land was the weakest. The runoff yield on slope was as follows:bare land > slope farmland > grassland > Pinus tabuliformis Carrière > Rosa xanthina Lindl. > fish-scale pit and Pinus tabuliformis Carrière > fish-scale pit and Rosa xanthina Lindl.. The slope sediment yield was:fish-scale pit and trees or shrubs < grass < trees or shrubs < slope farmland < bare land. (3) With the increase of rainfall, both the runoff regulation rate and sediment regulation rate of each vegetation plot showed a downward trend. With the increase of rainfall intensities, both regulation rates decreased obviously. (4) There were significant positive correlations between rainfall and runoff yield, runoff yield and sediment yield in each plot (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between I₃₀ and runoff yield in bare land, Rosa xanthina Lindl. and grassland. There was no significant correlation between I₃₀ and sediment yield in bare land, Pinus tabuliformis Carrière, Rosa xanthina Lindl., and slope farmland.