古尔班通古特沙漠东缘风沙流结构特征
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新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院;教育部绿洲生态重点实验室,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆大学资源与环境科学学院

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X169

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国家自然基金“新疆典型露天煤矿区土壤风蚀研究”(41461056),新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划科学研究重点项目“新疆开发建设项目水土流失预测研究”(XJDX2012I13)。


Sand flow structure characteristics in east of Gurbantünggüt Desert
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College of resources and Environmental Science of Xinjiang university,Urumqi,College of resources and Environmental Science of Xinjiang university,Urumqi,;Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Urumqi,,,,

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    摘要:

    为探讨古尔班通古特沙漠东缘半固定沙丘风沙流结构特征,采用方口梯度集沙仪和便携式气象站,收集2015年5—9月期间气象数据及风沙流沙样,对近地表风沙流的输沙率、粒径组成分布、粒度参数及平均跃移高度进行分析。结果表明:输沙率(Q)随高度(H)变化规律明显,均表现为负幂(Q=aH-b)形式递减,相关系数均较高,风沙运移主要集中在近地表0-40cm,其输沙量占总量的73.7%~97.9%;风沙流组成以细砂(0.1-0.25mm)为主,中砂(0.25-0.5mm)次之,平均粒径(M)集中在120~250μm之间,随着高度的增加,风沙流中极细砂含量增加,中砂含量减少,平均粒径大小呈递减趋势;风速、局地植被分布差异都会造成风沙流结构差异,沙粒的平均跃移高度与风速大小呈正相关性,同时风向的变化也造成局地风沙流平均跃移高度在纵深上分布规律的差异。

    Abstract:

    The Gurbantünggüt Desert, located in Junggar Basin in north Xinjiang, is the second largest desert in China, fixed and semi-fixed dunes are the main types in the desert. In this paper, 0-100cm above-ground sand were collected by sand traps, which sited perpendicular to the main wind direction at May to September 2015, at the same time, using a portable weather station recorded wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric pressure and other meteorological data. Sand flow characteristics such as sand transport profile, particle composition, particle size parameters and average saltation height of sand were analyzed. Results showed that within 0-100cm, as the altitude (H) increases, the sand transport profile (Q) with a negative power function(Q=a×H-b) decrements, the fitting equation has a high correlation coefficient, 73.7%~97.9%of sand movement mainly in near-surface of the range of 0-40cm. according to the American of system of soil texture standard, the main texture was fine sand(0.1-0.25mm) followed by medium sand (0.25-0.5mm), the mean grain-size(M) which calculated by graphical method of Folk and Ward between 120~250μm. With the growth of height, the content of very fine sand increased,medium sand content reduced,The mean grain-size was showing a decreasing trend. The different of wind speed and local vegetation distribution caused the variation of sand flow structures, average saltation height of sand was positively correlated with wind speed, and the change of wind direction also due to the difference of distribution of average saltation height between each sand traps, the main reasons for this phenomenon may be the difference land surface pattern of both side of monitoring point.

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周颖,曹月娥,杨建军,刘巍,张婷婷,吴芳芳.古尔班通古特沙漠东缘风沙流结构特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,(3):

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-11
  • 最后修改日期:2016-03-10
  • 录用日期:2016-03-15
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-06-30
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